[Plura-list] Demonopolizing the internet with interoperability

[Cory Doctorow]

Read today's issue online at: https://pluralistic.net/2021/09/24/comcom-acm/

Today's links

* Demonopolizing the internet with interoperability: My op-ed in the Communications of the ACM

* This day in history: 2001, 2016, 2020

* Colophon: Recent publications, upcoming/recent appearances, current writing projects, current reading

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🫀 Demonopolizing the internet with interoperability

The Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery has just published my editorial, "Competitive Compatibility: Let's Fix the Internet, Not the Tech Giants," explaining how interoperability was once an engine for competition and user empowerment - and how that ended.

https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2021/10/255710-competitive-compatibility/fulltext

As the title suggests, regulators are fed up with Big Tech's abuses, but they're not sure what to do about it. One approach is to "fix the companies" - like forcing Facebook to fight "disinformation" or making Google filter all user content for suspected copyright violations.

The problem with this approach is that it's not clear whether the tech companies *can* solve these problems (for example, no copyright filter can distinguish between permitted uses like parody or commentary and infringing ones). 

A rule that requires Big Tech to throw everything at unsolvable problems will make the cost of entry into the tech sector so expensive that Big Tech will get to rule unchallenged, forever. And the problems *still* won't get solved.

There's another approach, though - rather than fixing tech companies, we can fix the internet. We can empower communities and individuals to escape monopoly platforms, through interoperability. 

If you don't like how FB moderates its platform, interop would let you leave - and still stay connected to the family, community and customers you leave behind. 

My article sets out a taxonomy of interoperability: 

* Cooperative: When you interoperate through an API or a standard (like web browsers and servers)

* Indifferent: When a company takes no steps to help or block interop (like when you plug a USB adapter into a car lighter)

* Adversarial: Interop against the wishes of the interoper-ee, overcoming whatever defenses they put up to prevent interop. This has a long and honorable tradition - Apple reverse-engineering Microsoft Office for Iwork, say.

That adversarial interoperability (we call it "competitive compatibility" or comcom at EFF) is the stick to standardization's carrot.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/10/adversarial-interoperability

Dominant companies may not like having third parties plug into their stuff to give their customers more freedom, but if it IS going to happen, they'd much prefer a managed system of standards to techno-guerrilla warfare with reverse-engineers, botmasters and scrapers.

Unfortunately, the rise of monopoly tech platforms has concentrated power in the hands of a small number of execs whose companies have near-infinite cash to spend on lobbying against adversarial interoperability.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/08/starve-beast-monopoly-power-and-political-corruption

The Big Tech cartel's members all owe their existence to comcom, but like the pirate who becomes an admiral, they are all committed to preventing upstarts from doing unto them as they did unto others when they were new on the scene.

The problem with Big Tech isn't just that they're wildly imperfect - it's that they're wildly imperfect *and* they've rigged the system to make it painful for you to go somewhere better. Interop lowers the "switching costs" that hold you hostage.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/08/facebooks-secret-war-switching-costs

Fixing the tech companies won't work. The problem isn't just that Mark Zuckerberg is unfit to be the unelected, perpetual lifestyle czar of 3 billion people - it's that *no one should have that job*. 

That's why, in addition to all the antitrust remedies that trustbusters have wielded against abusive monopolists for more than a century, we need modern tools - like interoperability. Bills like the ACCESS Act will get us part of the way:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/06/new-access-act-good-start-heres-how-make-sure-it-delivers

But it's not enough to mandate that Big Tech open up its interfaces - we also have to empower users and the toolsmiths who serve them to connect to dominant platforms in the ways that serve users, not corporate shareholders.

https://www.eff.org/wp/interoperability-and-privacy

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🫀 This day in history

#20yrsago The Viridian perspective on 9/11 http://www.viridiandesign.org/notes/251-300/00272_au_revoir_belle_epoque.html

#20yrsago Wikipedia is an amazing new encylopedia that anyone can edit https://web.archive.org/web/20060601000000*/http://www.kuro5hin.org/?op=displaystory;sid=2001/9/24/43858/2479

#5yrsago Despite sabotage and dirty tricks, Jeremy Corbyn wins Labour leadership race in unprecedented landslide https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-37461219

#5yrsago Whistleblowing Wells Fargo loan officer describes years of fraudulent, criminal culture in the bank https://truthout.org/articles/wells-fargo-whistleblower-they-are-all-riding-the-stagecoach-to-hell/

#1yrago WV's deabeat governor now owes $140m https://pluralistic.net/2020/09/24/attack-surface-tour/#in-justice

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🫀 Colophon

Today's top sources:

Currently writing: 

* Spill, a Little Brother short story about pipeline protests. Yesterday's progress: 253 words (20117 words total)

* A Little Brother short story about remote invigilation.  PLANNING

* A nonfiction book about excessive buyer-power in the arts, co-written with Rebecca Giblin, "The Shakedown."  FINAL EDITS

* A post-GND utopian novel, "The Lost Cause."  FINISHED

* A cyberpunk noir thriller novel, "Red Team Blues."  FINISHED

Currently reading: Analogia by George Dyson.

Latest podcast: Disneyland at a stroll https://craphound.com/news/2021/08/22/disneyland-at-a-stroll/

Upcoming appearances:  

* From Wayback to Way Forward: The Internet Archive turns 25, Oct 21
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/from-wayback-to-way-forward-the-internet-archive-turns-25-virtual-tickets-163615196457

* Keynote for SeaGL 2021, Nov 5-6
https://seagl.org/news/2021/06/08/format-2021

Recent appearances:

* Infosec Apocaylpse (We're In podcast)
https://were-in.simplecast.com/episodes/cory-doctorow-and-the-infosec-apocalypse-SeDf3qB_

* Walled Culture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_AnGd4PaG6U

* Poesy the Monster Slayer, Turn the Page
http://turnthepage.blubrry.net/2021/09/02/turn-the-page-episode-157b/

Latest book:

* "Attack Surface": The third Little Brother novel, a standalone technothriller for adults. The *Washington Post* called it "a political cyberthriller, vigorous, bold and savvy about the limits of revolution and resistance." Order signed, personalized copies from Dark Delicacies https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1840/Available_Now%3A_Attack_Surface.html

* "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism": an anti-monopoly pamphlet analyzing the true harms of surveillance capitalism and proposing a solution. https://onezero.medium.com/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism-8135e6744d59 (print edition: https://bookshop.org/books/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/9781736205907) (signed copies: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2024/Available_Now%3A__How_to_Destroy_Surveillance_Capitalism.html)

* "Little Brother/Homeland": A reissue omnibus edition with a new introduction by Edward Snowden: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250774583; personalized/signed copies here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1750/July%3A__Little_Brother_%26_Homeland.html

* "Poesy the Monster Slayer" a picture book about monsters, bedtime, gender, and kicking ass. Order here: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781626723627. Get a personalized, signed copy here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1562/_Poesy_the_Monster_Slayer.html.

Upcoming books:

* The Shakedown, with Rebecca Giblin, nonfiction/business/politics, Beacon Press 2022

This work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. That means you can use it any way you like, including commercially, provided that you attribute it to me, Cory Doctorow, and include a link to pluralistic.net.

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Quotations and images are not included in this license; they are included either under a limitation or exception to copyright, or on the basis of a separate license. Please exercise caution.

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