[Plura-list] What comes after neoliberalism?

Tue Mar 28 11:46:26 EDT 2023

Read today's issue online at: https://pluralistic.net/2023/03/28/imagine-a-horse/

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http://redteamblues.com

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Today's links

* What comes after neoliberalism: "There is no alternative" is really a demand, namely, "Stop trying to think of an alternative!"

* Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.

* This day in history: 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018, 2022

* Colophon: Recent publications, upcoming/recent appearances, current writing projects, current reading

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🤳🏿 What comes after neoliberalism?

In his *American Prospect* editorial, "What Comes After Neoliberalism?", Robert Kuttner declares "we’ve just about won the battle of ideas. Reality has been a helpful ally...Neoliberalism has been a splendid success for the top 1 percent, and an abject failure for everyone else":

https://prospect.org/economy/2023-03-28-what-comes-after-neoliberalism/

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/03/28/imagine-a-horse/#perfectly-spherical-cows-of-uniform-density-on-a-frictionless-plane

Kuttner's op-ed is a report on the Hewlett Foundation's recent "New Common Sense" event, where Kuttner was relieved to learn that the idea that "the economy would thrive if government just got out of the way has been demolished by the events of the past three decades."

We can call this neoliberalism, but another word for it is economism: the belief that politics are a messy, irrational business that should be sidelined in favor of a technocratic management by a certain kind of economist - the kind of economist who uses mathematical models to demonstrate the best way to do anything:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/10/27/economism/#what-would-i-do-if-i-were-a-horse

These are the economists whose process Ely Devons famously described thus: "If economists wished to study the horse, they wouldn’t go and look at horses. They’d sit in their studies and say to themselves, 'What would I do if I were a horse?'"

Those economists - or, if you prefer, economismists - are still around, of course, pronouncing that the "new common sense" is nonsense, and they have the models to prove it. For example, if you're cheering on the idea of "reshoring" key industries like semiconductors and solar panels, these economismists want you to know that you've been sadly misled:

https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/03/24/economy-trade-united-states-china-industry-manufacturing-supply-chains-biden/

Indeed, you're "doomed to fail":

https://www.piie.com/blogs/trade-and-investment-policy-watch/high-taxpayer-cost-saving-us-jobs-through-made-america

Why? Because onshoring is "inefficient." Other countries, you see, have cheaper labor, weaker environmental controls, lower taxes, and the other necessities of "innovation," and so onshored goods will be more expensive and thus worse.

Parts of this position are indeed inarguable. If you define "efficiency" as "lower prices," then it doesn't make sense to produce *anything* in America, or, indeed, any country where there are taxes, environmental regulations or labor protections. Greater efficiencies are to be had in places where children can be maimed in heavy machinery and the water and land poisoned for a millions years.

In economism, this line of reasoning is a cardinal sin - the sin of caring about *distributional outcomes*. According to economism, the most important factor isn't how much of the pie you're getting, but how big the pie is.

That's the kind of reasoning that allows economismists to declare the entertainment industry of the past 40 years to be a success. We increased the individual property rights of creators by expanding copyright law so it lasts longer, covers more works, has higher statutory damages and requires less evidence to get a payout:

https://chokepointcapitalism.com/

At the same time, we weakened antitrust law and stripped away limits on abusive contractual clauses, which let (for example) three companies acquire 70% of all the sound recording copyrights in existence, whose duration is effectively infinite (the market for sound recordings older than 90 is immeasurably small).

This allowed the Big Three labels to force Spotify to take them on as co-owners, whereupon they demanded *lower* royalties for the artists in their catalog, to reduce Spotify's costs and make it more valuable, which meant more billions when it IPOed:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/09/12/streaming-doesnt-pay/#stunt-publishing

Monopoly also means that all those expanded copyrights we gave to creators are immediately bargained away as a condition of passing through Big Content's chokepoints - giving artists the right to control sampling is just a slightly delayed way of giving *labels* the right to control sampling, and charge artists for the samples they use:

https://doctorow.medium.com/united-we-stand-61e16ec707e2

(In the same way that giving creators the right to decide who can train a "Generative AI" with their work will simply transfer that right to the oligopolists who have the means, motive and opportunity to stop paying artists by training models on their output:)

https://pluralistic.net/2023/02/09/ai-monkeys-paw/#bullied-schoolkids

After 40 years of deregulation, union busting, and consolidation, the entertainment industry as a whole is larger and more profitable than ever - and the share of those profits accruing to creative workers is smaller, both in real terms and proportionally, and it's continuing to fall.

Economismists think that you're stupid if you care about this, though. If you're keeping score on "free markets" based on who gets how much money, or how much inequality they produce, you're committing the sin of caring about "distributional effects."

Smart economismists care about the *size* of the pie, not who gets which slice. Unsurprisingly, the greatest advocates for economism are the people to whom this philosophy allocates the biggest slices. It's easy not to care about distributional effects when your slice of the pie is growing.

Economism is a philosophy grounded in "efficiency" - and in the philosophical sleight-of-hand that pretends that there is an objective metric called "efficiency" that everyone can agree with. If you disagree with economismists about their definition of "efficiency" then you're doing "politics" and can be safely ignored.

The "efficiency" of economism is defined by very simple metrics, like whether prices are going down. If Walmart can force wage-cuts on its suppliers to bring you cheaper food, that's "efficient." It works well.

But it fails very, very badly. The high cost of low prices includes the political dislocation of downwardly mobile farmers and ag workers, which is a classic precursor to fascist uprisings. More prosaically, if your wages fall faster than prices, then you are experiencing a net price *increase*.

The failure modes of this efficiency are endless, and we keep smashing into them in ghastly and brutal ways,  which goes a long way to explaining the "new commons sense" Kuttner mentions ("Reality has been a helpful ally.") For example, offshoring high-tech manufacturing to distant lands works well, but fails in the face of covid lockdowns:

https://locusmag.com/2020/07/cory-doctorow-full-employment/

Allowing all the world's shipping to be gathered into the hands of three cartels is "efficient" right up to the point where they self-regulate their way into "efficient" ships that get stuck in the Suez canal:

https://pluralistic.net/2021/03/29/efficient-markets-hypothesis/#too-big-to-sail

It's easy to improve efficiency if you don't care about how a system fails. I can improve the fuel-efficiency of every airplane in the sky right now: just have them drop their landing gear. It'll work brilliantly, but you don't want to be around when it starts to fail, brother.

The most glaring failure of "efficiency" is the climate emergency, where the relative ease of extracting and burning hydrocarbons was pursued irrespective of the incredible costs this imposes on the world and our species. For years, economism's position was that we shouldn't worry about the fact that we were all trapped in a bus barreling full speed for a cliff, because technology would inevitably figure out how to build wings for the bus before we reached the cliff's edge:

https://locusmag.com/2022/07/cory-doctorow-the-swerve/

Today, many economismists will grudgingly admit that putting wings on the bus isn't quite a solved problem, but they still firmly reject the idea of directly regulating the bus, because a swerve might cause it to roll and someone (in the first class seats) might break a leg.

Instead, they insist that the problem is that markets "mispriced" carbon. But as Kuttner points out: "It wasn’t just impersonal markets that priced carbon wrong. It was politically powerful executives who further enriched themselves by blocking a green transition decades ago when climate risks and self-reinforcing negative externalities were already well known."

If you do economics without doing politics, you're just imagining a perfectly spherical cow on a frictionless plane - it's a cute way to model things, but it's got limited real-world applicability. Yes, politics are squishy and hard to model, but that doesn't mean you can just incinerate them and do math on the dubious quantitative residue:

https://locusmag.com/2021/05/cory-doctorow-qualia/

As Kuttner writes, the problem of ignoring "distributional" questions in the fossil fuel market is how "financial executives who further enriched themselves by creating toxic securities [used] political allies in both parties to block salutary regulation."

Deep down, economismists know that "neoliberalism is not about impersonal market forces. It’s about power." That's why they're so invested in the idea that - as Margaret Thatcher endlessly repeated - "there is no alternative":

https://pluralistic.net/2021/11/08/tina-v-tapas/#its-pronounced-tape-ass

Inevitabilism is a cheap rhetorical trick. "There is no alternative" is a demand disguised as a truth. It really means "Stop trying to think of an alternative."

But the human race is blessed with a boundless imagination, one that can escape the prison of economism and its insistence that we only care about how things work and ignore how they fail. Today, the world is turning towards electrification, a project of unimaginable ambition and scale that, nevertheless, we are actively imagining.

As Robin Sloan put it, "Skeptics of solar feasibility pantomime a kind of technical realism, but I think the really technical people are like, oh, we’re going to rip out and replace the plumbing of human life on this planet? Right, I remember that from last time. Let’s gooo!"

https://www.robinsloan.com/newsletters/room-for-everybody/

Sloan is citing Deb Chachra, "Every place in the world has sun, wind, waves, flowing water, and warmth or coolness below ground, in some combination. Renewable energy sources are a step up, not a step down; instead of scarce, expensive, and polluting, they have the potential to be abundant, cheap, and globally distributed":

https://tinyletter.com/metafoundry/letters/metafoundry-75-resilience-abundance-decentralization

The new common sense is, at core, a profound liberation of the imagination. It rejects the dogma that says that building public goods is a mystic art lost along with the secrets of the pyramids. We built national parks, Medicare, Medicaid, the public education system, public libraries - bold and ambitious national infrastructure programs.

We did that through democratically accountable, muscular states that weren't afraid to act. These states understood that the more national capacity the state produced, the more things it could do, by directing that national capacity in times of great urgency. Self-sufficiency isn't a mere fearful retreat from the world stage - it's an insurance policy for an uncertain future.

Kuttner closes his editorial by asking what we call whatever we do next. "Post-neoliberalism" is pretty thin gruel. Personally, I like "pluralism" (but I'm biased).

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🤳🏿 Hey look at this

* Ten minutes, hot off the board https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/doctorow/red-team-blues-another-audiobook-that-amazon-wont-sell/posts/3768734

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🤳🏿 This day in history

#20yrsago Shirky: Why 3G is doomed https://web.archive.org/web/20030602075613/http://shirky.com/writings/permanet.html

#20yrsago Fed snoops want to wiretap the Internet https://www.theregister.com/2003/03/27/fbi_seeks_internet_telephony_surveillance/

#15yrsago Chase Mortgage leaked memo shows “cheats and tricks” used to give out unqualified mortgages https://web.archive.org/web/20080330074501/https://www.oregonlive.com/business/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/business/120658650589950.xml&coll=7

#10yrsago Editorial board of Journal of Library Administration resigns en masse in honor of Aaron Swartz https://chrisbourg.wordpress.com/2013/03/23/my-short-stint-on-the-jla-editorial-board/

#10yrsago TSA screener finds pepper spray on the floor, gasses five other screeners because he thought it was a laser-pointer https://nypost.com/2013/03/27/oops-tsa-guy-goes-spray-zy/

#10yrsago Why security awareness training is a waste of time https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2013/03/security_awaren_1.html

#5yrsago Data Defenders, a media literacy game about data collection and targeting for kids in grades 4-6 https://mediasmarts.ca/digital-media-literacy/educational-games/data-defenders-grades-4-6

#5yrsago The Wall Street Journal on the decade since the crash: inequality, giant banks, regulatory failures, looming catastrophe https://graphics.wsj.com/how-the-world-has-changed-since-2008-financial-crisis/

#5yrsago Young people hate Facebook because it forces them to have a single identity https://theconversation.com/cambridge-analytica-scandal-facebooks-user-engagement-and-trust-decline-93814

#5yrsago Chinese jaywalkers are identified and shamed by facial recognition, and now they’ll get warnings over text message https://www.scmp.com/tech/china-tech/article/2138960/jaywalkers-under-surveillance-shenzhen-soon-be-punished-text

#5yrsago Teachers on four continents stage mass strikes https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2018/03/28/teac-m28.html

#5yrsago Lobbyist for AT&T and Verizon publishes a threat to “aggressively” sue any states that pass net neutrality laws https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/03/attverizon-lobbyists-to-aggressively-sue-states-that-enact-net-neutrality/

#1yrago Podcasting "The Byzantine Premium": The contradiction at the heart of Bitcoin advocacy https://pluralistic.net/2022/03/28/dumb-money/#sucker-at-the-table

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🤳🏿 Colophon

Currently writing:

* A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING

* Picks and Shovels, a Martin Hench noir thriller about the heroic era of the PC. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE, WAITING FOR EDITORIAL REVIEW

* The Bezzle, a Martin Hench noir thriller novel about the prison-tech industry. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE, WAITING FOR EDITORIAL REVIEW

* Vigilant, Little Brother short story about remote invigilation. ON SUBMISSION

* Moral Hazard, a short story for MIT Tech Review's 12 Tomorrows. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE, ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION

* Spill, a Little Brother short story about pipeline protests. ON SUBMISSION

Latest podcast: Red Team Blues https://craphound.com/news/2023/03/26/red-team-blues/

Upcoming appearances:

* Antitrust and Competition Conference - Beyond the Consumer Welfare Standard (Chicago), Apr 20-21
https://www.chicagobooth.edu/research/stigler/events/2023-antitrust

* Red Team Blues at Mysterious Galaxy (San Diego), Apr 25
https://www.mystgalaxy.com/event/42523Doctorow

* Red Team Blues at Dark Delicacies (Burbank), Apr 26
https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2873/Wed%2C_Apr_26th_6pm%3A_Red_Team_Blues%3A_A_Martin_Hench_Novel_HB.html#

* Bay Area Bookfest (Berkeley), May 6/7
https://www.baybookfest.org/session/cory-doctorow/

* Wordfest (Calgary), May 11
https://wordfest.com/2023/event/wordfest-presents-cory-doctorow/

* Red Team Blues event with Tim Harford (Oxford), May 29
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/cory-doctorow-red-team-blues-with-tim-harford-tickets-574673793787

* Red Team Blues event with Ian Forrester (Manchester), May 31
https://www.waterstones.com/events/in-conversation-with-cory-doctorow/manchester-deansgate

* UCL Peter Kirstein Lecture, Jun 1 (London):
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/peter-kirstein-lecture-2023-featuring-cory-doctorow-registration-539205788027

Recent appearances:

* Is Copyright Good For Authors? (This Week in Tech)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1sFi3LQQeQ

* Culture Journalist: What is chokepoint capitalism?
https://theculturejournalist.substack.com/p/chokepoint-capitalism-cory-doctorow-artists#details

*  Techtonic with Mark Hurst | WFMU
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/cory-doctorow-author-chokepoint-capitalism-from-mar/id1285537944?i=1000605088345

Latest books:

* "Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com

* "Attack Surface": The third Little Brother novel, a standalone technothriller for adults. The *Washington Post* called it "a political cyberthriller, vigorous, bold and savvy about the limits of revolution and resistance." Order signed, personalized copies from Dark Delicacies https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1840/Available_Now%3A_Attack_Surface.html

* "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism": an anti-monopoly pamphlet analyzing the true harms of surveillance capitalism and proposing a solution. https://onezero.medium.com/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism-8135e6744d59 (print edition: https://bookshop.org/books/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/9781736205907) (signed copies: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2024/Available_Now%3A__How_to_Destroy_Surveillance_Capitalism.html)

* "Little Brother/Homeland": A reissue omnibus edition with a new introduction by Edward Snowden: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250774583; personalized/signed copies here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1750/July%3A__Little_Brother_%26_Homeland.html

* "Poesy the Monster Slayer" a picture book about monsters, bedtime, gender, and kicking ass. Order here: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781626723627. Get a personalized, signed copy here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2682/Corey_Doctorow%3A_Poesy_the_Monster_Slayer_HB.html#/.

Upcoming books:

* Red Team Blues: "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books, April 2023

* The Internet Con: A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech, Verso, September 2023

* The Lost Cause: a post-Green New Deal eco-topian novel about truth and reconciliation with white nationalist militias, Tor Books, November 2023

This work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. That means you can use it any way you like, including commercially, provided that you attribute it to me, Cory Doctorow, and include a link to pluralistic.net.

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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